Surgical · Hand

29131

Application of a dynamic (spring- or elastic-tension-driven) splint to a finger to restore joint range of motion through sustained low-load stretch.

Verified May 8, 2026 · 5 sources ↓

Medicare
$59.45
Work RVU
0.54
Global, days
0
Region
Hand
Drawn from CMSAAPCFindacodeEatonhand

Documentation requirements

What must appear in the operative or office note to support the claim.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in 5 cited references ↓

  • Specify which finger(s) and which hand (laterality) in the note
  • Document the clinical indication — fracture, dislocation, tendon injury, post-surgical contracture, or stiffness — to support medical necessity
  • Describe the type of dynamic splint applied and the tension mechanism (spring, elastic band, outrigger) and how it was fitted and adjusted
  • Record baseline and target range of motion to justify dynamic rather than static splinting
  • Note any pre-application imaging or assessment findings that informed splint selection
  • If billing a same-day E&M, document a separately identifiable problem or decision distinct from the splint application itself

Applicable modifiers

Modifiers commonly billed with this code.

Source · AMA CPT modifier descriptors · CMS NCCI Policy Manual

What this code covers

Source · Editorial summary grounded in 5 cited references ↓

29131 covers fitting and applying a dynamic finger splint — one that uses springs, elastic bands, or other tension components to apply continuous or intermittent force across a stiff finger joint. The goal is progressive improvement in range of motion after fracture, dislocation, tendon repair, or post-surgical contracture. Unlike static splints, dynamic designs allow controlled movement while maintaining corrective tension.

The 000-day global period means no post-application visits are bundled. Each encounter at which a new dynamic splint is applied or significantly refitted is separately billable. If you're also providing an E&M service at the same visit, it must be significant and separately identifiable — global surgery rules for 000-day procedures prohibit billing an E&M tied solely to the decision to apply the splint. Use modifier 25 on the E&M when a distinct, documented reason supports it.

This code sits in the casting/splinting/strapping section. Per CMS NCCI policy, when a hospital treats a finger injury with a splint as the initial service and no other definitive procedure is performed, 29131 is the appropriate code, and splint supply costs are included in the procedure payment — they are not separately billable under OPPS.

RVU & reimbursement

Component RVUs and Medicare national rate. Actual payment varies by GPCI locality.

Source · CMS Physician Fee Schedule, RVU26A · January 2026

Work RVU vs. total RVU

The work RVU (0.54) is the surgeon's own effort — the figure physician pay and productivity targets are built on. The total RVU (1.78) adds practice overhead and malpractice, and is what drives the Medicare payment below.

Work RVU 0.54
Practice expense RVU 1.16
Malpractice RVU 0.08
Total RVU 1.78
Medicare national rate $59.45
Global period 0 days

Payment by site of service

Medicare pays different rates by setting. HOPD typically pays substantially more than ASC for the same procedure.

Source · CMS OPPS Addendum B·ASC HCPCS payment rates·2026

SettingMedicare rate (national)
Office (PFS non-facility)
Procedure performed in physician's office
$59.45
HOPD (APC 5733)
Hospital outpatient department
$60.27

Common denial reasons

The recurring reasons claims for CPT 29131 get rejected.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in CMS NCCI edits, AAOS coding appeals, and cited references ↓

  • Laterality missing — payer rejects claim when no LT/RT modifier is appended and the finger is not specified in the note
  • E&M billed same-day without modifier 25, triggering a global surgery bundling edit
  • Splint supplies billed separately under OPPS when they are already included in the procedure payment
  • Medical necessity not established — documentation says 'splint applied' without a diagnosis linking to the indication for dynamic versus static splinting
  • Repeat application billed without modifier 76 or 77, causing duplicate claim rejection

Frequently asked questions

Source · Generated from the editorial pipeline, verified against 5 cited references ↓

01What makes a splint 'dynamic' for purposes of 29131?
The splint must use an active force component — springs, elastic bands, rubber bands, or an outrigger system — to apply continuous low-load tension across the finger joint. A padded aluminum or thermoplastic splint that simply holds the finger in one position is static, not dynamic, and does not meet the descriptor for 29131.
02Can I bill 29131 for multiple fingers on the same hand at the same visit?
Yes. Use modifier 59 to distinguish each separately splinted finger, and document each finger number in the note. Some payers also accept F-modifiers for digit-level specificity — verify your payer's preference before submitting.
03Is modifier 50 appropriate for bilateral dynamic finger splints?
Only if the same finger on both hands is splinted. More often, different fingers on each hand are involved; in that case, bill separate line items with LT and RT rather than modifier 50, and document each finger individually.
04Can I bill an E&M on the same day as 29131?
Only if the E&M is significant and separately identifiable from the splint application decision. Add modifier 25 to the E&M and document the distinct reason in the note. The 000-day global prohibits billing an E&M whose sole purpose is deciding whether to apply the splint.
05Does the 000-day global period mean each follow-up adjustment is separately billable?
The global covers only the day of the procedure — there are no bundled post-op days. A subsequent visit at which a new splint is applied or the existing one is materially refitted can be billed again. Routine follow-up for the underlying condition is billed as an E&M or subsequent care code, not as a repeat 29131 unless a new application occurs.
06Should I bill for splint supplies separately?
Under OPPS (hospital outpatient), no — CMS policy bundles splint supply costs into the procedure payment for 29131. In a physician office setting, some payers allow a separate supply charge via an A-code; verify with each payer before billing separately.

Mira Scribe

Mira's AI scribe captures the finger number and hand laterality, splint type and tension mechanism, clinical indication, and current range-of-motion measurements directly from dictation. That prevents the two most common denials for this code: missing laterality and an undocumented medical necessity link between the diagnosis and the choice of dynamic over static splinting.

See how Mira captures CPT 29131 documentation

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