Deforming dorsopathies

Postural kyphosis with no spinal region documented — an abnormal thoracic or cervical rounding caused by habitual positioning or muscular imbalance, coded when the operative note or clinical record does not specify the vertebral segment involved.

Postural kyphosis localized to the cervicothoracic junction (C7–T1 region), caused by habitual or sustained poor posture rather than a structural or secondary pathology.

Excessive posterior curvature of the thoracic spine caused by habitual poor posture rather than structural deformity, vertebral pathology, or an underlying systemic condition.

Postural kyphosis localized to the thoracolumbar junction — an acquired, posture-driven excessive posterior curvature spanning the T10–L2 vertebral region, not attributable to a structural deformity, congenital defect, or prior procedure.

M40.10 identifies other secondary kyphosis — an abnormal posterior spinal curvature caused by an underlying disease or condition — when the specific spinal region affected is not documented.

Acquired posterior curvature of the cervical spine arising from a non-postural, non-congenital underlying cause — classified as 'other secondary' to distinguish it from postural kyphosis and from conditions with their own dedicated codes.

Secondary kyphosis localized to the cervicothoracic junction (C7–T1 region), arising from an identifiable underlying disease process rather than postural habit or congenital deformity.

M40.14 identifies kyphosis of the thoracic spine that is secondary to an underlying condition — not postural in origin and not congenital, postprocedural, or part of a kyphoscoliosis pattern.

M40.15 classifies acquired kyphosis of the thoracolumbar junction (T10-L2 vertebral segment) that results from an identifiable underlying condition other than postural habit or congenital malformation.

Loss of normal lumbar lordosis resulting in a straight or reversed sagittal spinal alignment, coded here when the specific spinal region is not documented.

Loss of normal lumbar lordosis localized to the thoracolumbar junction (approximately T10–L2), producing a straightened or reversed sagittal contour at that spinal segment.

Flatback syndrome localized to the lumbar region — loss of the normal lumbar lordosis resulting in a straightened or hypolordotic lumbar spine segment.

Flatback syndrome localized to the lumbosacral region — loss of the normal lumbar lordosis at the L5-S1 junction, producing a straightened or reversed sagittal profile.

Postural lordosis with no specific spinal region documented — an acquired, posture-driven exaggeration of the normal inward spinal curve, coded when the clinical note does not identify the affected region (thoracolumbar, lumbar, or lumbosacral).

Acquired anterior spinal curvature localized to the thoracolumbar junction (T10–L2 region) that arises from postural habits rather than structural or congenital deformity.

Acquired exaggeration of the lumbar inward curve (hyperlordosis) attributable to posture rather than a structural vertebral abnormality or congenital cause.

Acquired, posture-driven hyperlordosis localized to the lumbosacral junction (L5–S1 region), distinguished from congenital lordosis and from lordosis caused by prior surgery.

M40.50 identifies lordosis (excessive inward spinal curvature) that is unspecified in both type and anatomic site. Use it only when documentation fails to name either the spinal region or the etiology of the curvature.

Abnormal anterior curvature (hyperlordosis or loss of normal curve) affecting the thoracolumbar junction — the transitional zone where the thoracic and lumbar spine meet — with etiology not further specified in the clinical record.

M40.56 identifies lumbar lordosis of unspecified type — meaning the provider has documented exaggerated inward curvature of the lumbar spine but has not specified whether the cause is postural, positional, or associated with an underlying condition.

Unspecified lordosis localized to the lumbosacral region, representing an abnormal anterior curvature at the L5-S1 junction without a documented specific etiology or subtype.

Infantile idiopathic scoliosis with no documented spinal region specified — used when the affected vertebral segment has not been identified or recorded in the clinical note.

Idiopathic lateral spinal curvature localized to the cervical region, diagnosed in a child from birth through age 3, with no underlying congenital vertebral anomaly.

Infantile idiopathic scoliosis localized to the cervicothoracic region (the junction of the cervical and thoracic spine), diagnosed in children from birth through 3 years of age with no identified structural or congenital cause.

Idiopathic lateral spinal curvature with thoracic region involvement, diagnosed in a child from birth through age three, with no identifiable underlying structural or neurological cause.

Infantile idiopathic scoliosis localized to the thoracolumbar region, occurring in children from birth through age 2, with no identifiable underlying cause.

Idiopathic lateral spinal curvature localized to the lumbar region, diagnosed in a child from birth through 3 years of age with no identified underlying congenital or structural cause.

Idiopathic scoliosis of the lumbosacral region with onset confirmed before age 3, absent any congenital bony abnormality or secondary cause.

Infantile idiopathic scoliosis with the primary curve located in the sacral and sacrococcygeal region, diagnosed in a child from birth through age three, with no identified congenital or neuromuscular cause.

Idiopathic scoliosis that falls outside the infantile, juvenile, and adolescent age-defined subcategories, with the spinal region of involvement not documented or not specified.

Idiopathic lateral spinal curvature localized to the cervical region, with no identifiable underlying structural, neuromuscular, or congenital bony cause, and not classified as infantile, juvenile, or adolescent onset.

Idiopathic scoliosis of undetermined subtype localized to the cervicothoracic spinal region (approximately C7–T1 junction), where no identifiable structural, neuromuscular, or congenital cause explains the lateral curvature.

M41.24 identifies idiopathic scoliosis of the thoracic spine that does not fit the infantile, juvenile, or adolescent onset subcategories — a billable, site-specific code within the M41.2 (Other idiopathic scoliosis) family.

Idiopathic scoliosis of unknown cause localized to the thoracolumbar spinal region, where the curve's end vertebrae span the junction of the thoracic and lumbar spine (typically T10–L2), not attributable to congenital bony malformation, neuromuscular disease, or prior surgical or radiation intervention.

M41.26 identifies idiopathic scoliosis of the lumbar spine that does not fall under the juvenile (M41.116) or adolescent (M41.126) subcategories — capturing adult-onset or otherwise unclassified idiopathic lumbar curvature with a Cobb angle ≥10°.

M41.27 classifies idiopathic scoliosis of the lumbosacral region that does not fit the defined subtypes of infantile, juvenile, or adolescent idiopathic scoliosis — specifically when the curve apex or primary structural involvement is at the lumbosacral junction (L4–S1 segment).

M41.30 identifies thoracogenic scoliosis — spinal curvature caused by disease or operative trauma involving the thoracic cage — when the specific spinal region affected is not documented.

M41.34 identifies scoliosis of the thoracic spine (T1–T12) that arises secondary to disease or operative trauma affecting the thoracic cage — not scoliosis that simply happens to be located in the thoracic region.

Thoracogenic scoliosis localized to the thoracolumbar region — a lateral spinal curvature caused by disease or surgical trauma involving the thoracic cage, spanning the T10–L2 junction zone.

Scoliosis arising as a secondary consequence of an underlying neuromuscular disorder, reported here without specification of the spinal region involved.

Neuromuscular scoliosis localized to the occipito-atlanto-axial region — lateral spinal curvature at the junction of the skull base, atlas (C1), and axis (C2), driven by an underlying neuromuscular disorder.

Lateral spinal curvature of the cervical spine that originates from an underlying neuromuscular disorder — such as cerebral palsy, Friedreich's ataxia, or poliomyelitis — rather than from an idiopathic or congenital bony cause.

Lateral spinal curvature at the cervicothoracic junction (C7–T1 region) caused by an underlying neuromuscular disorder such as cerebral palsy, Friedreich's ataxia, or poliomyelitis.

Neuromuscular scoliosis localized to the thoracic spine, arising secondary to an underlying neurological or muscular disorder such as cerebral palsy, Friedreich's ataxia, or poliomyelitis.

Lateral spinal curvature driven by an underlying neuromuscular disorder — such as cerebral palsy, Friedreich's ataxia, or poliomyelitis — localized to the thoracolumbar junction (T10–L2 region).

Lateral spinal curvature in the lumbar region that develops as a direct consequence of an underlying neuromuscular disorder, such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, or spina bifida.

Lateral spinal curvature originating from neuromuscular pathology, localized to the lumbosacral region of the spine.

Other secondary scoliosis with the spinal region not documented or specified — a lateral spinal curvature arising from an underlying non-congenital, non-neuromuscular cause, assigned when the treating region cannot be identified in the record.

M41.52 identifies scoliosis of the cervical spine that is secondary to an underlying disease or condition — not idiopathic, congenital, or postprocedural in origin.

Secondary scoliosis of the cervicothoracic region (C7–T1 junction) arising from an identifiable underlying disease other than neuromuscular conditions, congenital bony malformation, or prior surgery or radiation.

Lateral spinal curvature of the thoracic region arising from a known underlying cause other than congenital bony malformation, postprocedural change, or postradiation injury.

M41.55 classifies secondary scoliosis of the thoracolumbar region — an abnormal lateral spinal curvature spanning the T10–L2 junction that arises as a consequence of an identifiable underlying disease rather than from an idiopathic or congenital cause.

Lateral spinal curvature localized to the lumbar vertebrae arising from an identifiable underlying cause other than neuromuscular disease, congenital malformation, or idiopathic origin.

M41.57 identifies scoliosis in the lumbosacral region that arises secondary to an underlying condition — not idiopathic or neuromuscular in origin — where the causative disease is classified and sequenced first.

M41.80 classifies scoliosis that falls outside the idiopathic, neuromuscular, and secondary subcategories — but where the specific spinal region has not been documented.

M41.82 classifies scoliosis of the cervical spine that does not fit idiopathic, congenital, neuromuscular, or secondary etiologic categories — a residual 'other' bucket requiring region-specific documentation of the cervical curve.

Lateral spinal curvature (scoliosis) of a type that does not fit the idiopathic, congenital, neuromuscular, or other specifically classified subtypes, localized to the cervicothoracic region (approximately C7–T1 junction).

M41.84 captures scoliosis of the thoracic spine that falls outside the classified subtypes — meaning it is not idiopathic, neuromuscular, thoracogenic, or infantile/juvenile/adolescent in etiology, and the primary curve apex or end vertebrae lie within the thoracic region.

M41.85 classifies acquired scoliosis of a type that does not fit idiopathic, congenital, neuromuscular, or secondary subtypes, with the primary curve apex or measurement span located in the thoracolumbar region (typically T10–L2).

M41.86 classifies scoliosis of the lumbar region that does not fall under idiopathic, congenital, neuromuscular, or other specifically defined subtypes within the M41 category.