ICD-10-CM · Hip

M91.81

M91.81 identifies juvenile osteochondrosis of the hip and pelvis affecting the right leg, in a category that captures osteochondrosis presentations not classified under Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, coxa plana, pseudocoxalgia, or coxa magna.

Verified May 8, 2026 · 4 sources ↓

Status
Billable
Chapter
13
Related CPT
10
Region
Hip
Drawn from CDCICD10DataAAPC

Documentation tips

What should appear in the chart to support M91.81.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in 4 cited references ↓

  • Confirm and document laterality explicitly as 'right' hip or pelvis — this is what drives the 6th-character distinction between M91.81, M91.82, and M91.80.
  • Document the patient's age and skeletal maturity status; M91 codes are juvenile osteochondrosis diagnoses and should reflect a pediatric or adolescent patient.
  • If osteochondrosis follows reduction of congenital hip dislocation, note that history explicitly — the Applicable To language for M91.8 specifically covers this scenario.
  • Record imaging findings that support the diagnosis: plain radiograph changes (femoral head flattening, joint space changes), MRI signal abnormalities, or bone scan findings as applicable.
  • Distinguish clinically whether the presentation fits a named M91 variant (Legg-Calvé-Perthes, coxa plana, pseudocoxalgia, coxa magna) — if it does, those more specific codes take precedence over M91.81.

Related CPT procedures

Procedure codes commonly billed with M91.81. Linking the right diagnosis to the right procedure is what establishes medical necessity.

Source · CMS LCDs · AAOS specialty guidance · claims-pattern analysis

Common coding pitfalls

The recurring mistakes coders make with M91.81 and adjacent codes.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in CDC ICD-10-CM tabular guidance, AAOS coding references, and cited references ↓

  • Coding M91.81 alongside M93.0 (slipped upper femoral epiphysis, nontraumatic) violates the Type 1 Excludes note at the M91 category level — these codes can never be assigned together for the same joint.
  • Using M91.81 when a named variant applies: if documentation supports Legg-Calvé-Perthes, code M91.11 (right leg); if coxa plana, code M91.21 (right hip). M91.81 is for presentations that genuinely don't fit any named subcategory.
  • Defaulting to M91.80 (unspecified leg) when laterality is documented as right — always assign the laterality-specific code when the record supports it.
  • Applying M91.81 to an adult patient without confirming the diagnosis originated in or is being managed as juvenile osteochondrosis — the M91 block is disease-specific to juvenile onset.

Clinical context

Source · Editorial summary grounded in 4 cited references ↓

M91.81 falls under the M91.8 subcategory — 'Other juvenile osteochondrosis of hip and pelvis' — and is reserved for right-sided cases that don't meet the criteria for the more specifically named conditions in the M91 category. This includes juvenile osteochondrosis occurring after reduction of congenital hip dislocation, a clinical scenario explicitly noted in the Applicable To language for M91.8. If the condition is bilateral or the affected side is undocumented, drop to M91.80 (unspecified leg).

The entire M91 category carries a Type 1 Excludes note for slipped upper femoral epiphysis (nontraumatic), coded at M93.0. Never assign M91.81 simultaneously with M93.0. If documentation points to SUFE, code there instead — these two conditions cannot coexist under the same encounter for the same joint.

This code applies to a pediatric and adolescent population. The diagnosis should be supported by clinical findings and imaging (plain radiograph, MRI, or bone scan) demonstrating osteochondrosis of the right hip or pelvis region. When the presentation maps to a named variant — Legg-Calvé-Perthes (M91.11), coxa plana (M91.21), pseudocoxalgia (M91.31), or coxa magna (M91.41) — use that more specific right-sided code rather than M91.81.

Sibling codes

Other billable codes under M91.8 (laterality / anatomic variants).

Frequently asked questions

Source · Generated from the editorial pipeline, verified against 4 cited references ↓

01What is the difference between M91.81 and M91.11?
M91.11 is specifically Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease of the right leg — the classic avascular necrosis of the femoral head in children. M91.81 is for other juvenile osteochondrosis of the right hip and pelvis that doesn't meet the criteria for Legg-Calvé-Perthes or the other named variants (coxa plana, pseudocoxalgia, coxa magna). Use M91.11 whenever Legg-Calvé-Perthes is the documented diagnosis.
02Can M91.81 be used for an adult patient?
The M91 category is specifically juvenile osteochondrosis. If you're coding an adult with residual or historical juvenile osteochondrosis of the hip, review whether a sequela or a different category code better reflects the current clinical picture. Assigning M91.81 to a skeletally mature adult without clinical justification for the juvenile classification is an audit risk.
03Can M91.81 and M93.0 be coded together?
No. The Type 1 Excludes note at the M91 category level prohibits coding M91 codes alongside M93.0 (slipped upper femoral epiphysis, nontraumatic). If the diagnosis is SUFE, code only M93.0 and its laterality-specific subcodes.
04When does M91.81 apply after congenital hip dislocation treatment?
The Applicable To note for M91.8 explicitly includes juvenile osteochondrosis after reduction of congenital dislocation of hip. If the patient's right-sided hip osteochondrosis developed following surgical or closed reduction of congenital hip dislocation, M91.81 is the appropriate code — and that history should be documented to justify code selection.
05What imaging supports the M91.81 diagnosis?
Plain radiographs showing changes in the right femoral head or acetabulum consistent with osteochondrosis (fragmentation, sclerosis, joint space changes), MRI demonstrating signal abnormalities in the femoral head epiphysis, or bone scan findings can all support this diagnosis. Document the specific modality and relevant findings in the encounter note.
06What is the unspecified-laterality alternative if the side isn't documented?
M91.80 is 'Other juvenile osteochondrosis of hip and pelvis, unspecified leg.' Use it only when laterality is genuinely not documented. Query the provider rather than defaulting to unspecified if the clinical record implies a specific side.

Sources & references

Editorial content was developed using the following public sources. Last verified May 8, 2026.

  1. 01CDC ICD-10-CM Tabular List 2026
  2. 02
    icd10data.com
    https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M91-M94/M91-/M91.81
  3. 03
    aapc.com
    https://www.aapc.com/codes/icd-10-codes/M91.81
  4. 04
    icd10data.com
    https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M91-M94/M91-

Mira AI Scribe

Mira captures right-side laterality, patient age, imaging findings (radiograph or MRI changes in the right hip/pelvis), and any history of prior congenital hip dislocation reduction — all of which support M91.81 over the unspecified M91.80 or a named-variant code. Accurate specificity prevents downcoding audits and ensures payer acceptance for procedures tied to this diagnosis.

See how Mira captures M91.81 documentation

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