ICD-10-CM · Spine

M51.24

Displacement of an intervertebral disc in the thoracic spine (T1–T12) that does not involve radiculopathy — classified under the 'other' displacement category of the M51.2 parent code.

Verified May 8, 2026 · 5 sources ↓

Status
Billable
Chapter
13
Related CPT
15
Region
Spine
Drawn from CDCICD10DataCMSAAPC

Documentation tips

What should appear in the chart to support M51.24.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in 5 cited references ↓

  • Specify the thoracic spinal level(s) involved (e.g., T6–T7) in the clinical note or operative report — payers increasingly expect level-specific documentation.
  • Distinguish displacement from degeneration in the assessment: M51.24 requires documented disc displacement, not just degenerative disc disease; imaging (MRI or CT) noting disc herniation or protrusion at a thoracic level directly supports this code.
  • Explicitly document the absence of radiculopathy if the patient presents without nerve root symptoms — this justifies M51.24 over M51.14 and prevents a medical-necessity challenge.
  • Record the duration, character, and location of thoracic pain, any aggravating factors, and prior conservative care to support medical necessity for both surgical and non-surgical services.
  • If radiculopathy is also present, switch to M51.14 (thoracic disc disorder with radiculopathy) rather than stacking M51.14 and M51.24 — they are mutually exclusive for the same level.

Related CPT procedures

Procedure codes commonly billed with M51.24. Linking the right diagnosis to the right procedure is what establishes medical necessity.

Source · CMS LCDs · AAOS specialty guidance · claims-pattern analysis

72070 $33.07
Two-view radiologic examination of the thoracic spine, including AP and lateral projections of the 12 thoracic vertebrae.
97110 $29.06
Therapeutic exercise billed per 15-minute unit, targeting strength, endurance, range of motion, or flexibility with direct one-on-one patient contact.
22532 $1,732.17
Spinal fusion at a single thoracic vertebral segment using the lateral extracavitary approach, which provides a wide posterolateral corridor to the anterior and middle columns without entering the thoracic cavity. Includes minimal discectomy to prepare the interspace for fusion.
22533 $1,547.80
Spinal fusion of a lumbar vertebral segment performed through a lateral extracavitary approach, including minimal discectomy to prepare the interspace (not performed solely for decompression).
63056 $1,404.84
Lumbar spinal cord and nerve root decompression via transpedicular approach, single segment, including transfacet or lateral extraforaminal variants for far lateral disc herniations.
63057 $287.58
Add-on code for transpedicular spinal cord/nerve root decompression at each additional thoracic or lumbar segment beyond the primary procedure.
20610 $68.81
Aspiration and/or injection of a major joint or bursa (shoulder, hip, knee, or subacromial bursa) performed without ultrasound guidance.
72072 View procedure details
72074 View procedure details
97012 View procedure details
97530 View procedure details
98940 View procedure details
98941 View procedure details
98942 View procedure details
97014 View procedure details

Common coding pitfalls

The recurring mistakes coders make with M51.24 and adjacent codes.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in CDC ICD-10-CM tabular guidance, AAOS coding references, and cited references ↓

  • Using M51.24 when radiculopathy is documented: M51.14 is the correct code when thoracic disc displacement causes nerve root symptoms — do not use both codes for the same disc level.
  • Confusing the thoracic region with the thoracolumbar region: displacement at the T12–L1 junction maps to M51.25, not M51.24; verify the imaging report's level designation before coding.
  • Selecting M51.34 (thoracic disc degeneration) when the note actually documents displacement or herniation — degeneration and displacement are distinct clinical entities with separate codes.
  • Billing M51.24 for cervicothoracic disc pathology: cervical and cervicothoracic disc disorders are excluded from M51 via an Excludes2 note and must be coded to M50.- instead.
  • Leaving the diagnosis at the non-billable parent M51.2 rather than drilling down to the billable M51.24 — M51.2 will cause a claim rejection for insufficient specificity.

Clinical context

Source · Editorial summary grounded in 5 cited references ↓

M51.24 applies when a thoracic intervertebral disc is displaced and the clinical picture does not include radiculopathy (which would require M51.14 instead). The thoracic region is defined as spinal levels T1–T12. Use this code when imaging or clinical documentation confirms disc displacement at a thoracic level and the presenting complaint is thoracic pain, midback stiffness, or related mechanical symptoms without nerve root involvement.

Distinguish M51.24 from adjacent codes in the M51 family: M51.14 captures thoracic disc displacement with radiculopathy; M51.34 captures thoracic disc degeneration (not displacement); M51.25 covers the thoracolumbar region (typically T12–L1 junction). If the displacement spans both thoracic and thoracolumbar regions, document the primary level to guide code selection. Cervical and cervicothoracic disc disorders are excluded from M51 entirely — those fall under M50.-.

M51.24 is recognized by CMS as supporting medical necessity for chiropractic services (LCD A56273, Group 4), making it a valid primary diagnosis for spinal manipulation of the thoracic region. It is also a common supporting diagnosis for orthopedic evaluation, physical therapy, and interventional pain procedures targeting the thoracic spine. No 7th-character extension is required; M-codes do not use 7th-character encounter designations.

Sibling codes

Other billable codes under M51.2 (laterality / anatomic variants).

Frequently asked questions

Source · Generated from the editorial pipeline, verified against 5 cited references ↓

01What is the difference between M51.24 and M51.14?
M51.14 is used when thoracic disc displacement causes radiculopathy (nerve root involvement with radiating pain, numbness, or weakness). M51.24 is used when displacement is present but radiculopathy is not documented. Never code both at the same spinal level.
02Does M51.24 require a 7th-character extension?
No. M-codes in Chapter 13 do not use 7th-character encounter extensions (A/D/S). Those extensions are reserved for injury codes in Chapter 19 (S- and T-codes).
03Can M51.24 be used as the primary diagnosis for chiropractic spinal manipulation claims?
Yes. CMS LCD A56273 (Chiropractic Services) lists M51.24 explicitly in Group 4 as a code that supports medical necessity for chiropractic treatment of the thoracic region.
04When should I use M51.25 instead of M51.24?
Use M51.25 when the disc displacement is at the thoracolumbar junction (typically T12–L1). If imaging specifies a pure thoracic level (T1–T12), M51.24 is correct. If the report is ambiguous, query the provider for the primary level.
05Is M51.24 valid for coding thoracic disc displacement following trauma?
M51.24 is an M-code representing a chronic musculoskeletal condition. Acute traumatic disc displacement should be coded with the appropriate S-code from Chapter 19 (injuries to the thorax, S20–S29). Use M51.24 for non-traumatic or chronic disc displacement in the thoracic region.
06Can M51.24 and M51.34 be billed together for the same thoracic level?
Only if documentation clearly distinguishes two separate clinical entities at that level (displacement at one disc and isolated degeneration at an adjacent disc). Coding both for the same disc level invites an audit flag — confirm the provider's intent before stacking these codes.
07What imaging finding best supports M51.24?
MRI findings of thoracic disc herniation, protrusion, extrusion, or disc bulge with displacement documented at a specific thoracic level are the strongest support. CT myelography is also acceptable. Plain radiographs alone are generally insufficient to confirm disc displacement.

Mira AI Scribe

Mira AI Scribe captures the thoracic spinal level(s) from imaging reports (e.g., 'T6–T7 disc protrusion on MRI'), the presence or absence of radiculopathy, and the patient's pain character and prior conservative care history. This prevents downcoding to the non-billable M51.2 parent, avoids a misfire to M51.14 when radiculopathy is absent, and supplies the level-specific documentation payers require for medical necessity review.

See how Mira captures M51.24 documentation

Related ICD-10 codes

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