ICD-10-CM · General

M10.20

Acute gout flare triggered by a medication or other pharmacologic agent, reported when the affected joint site is not documented or cannot be specified.

Verified May 8, 2026 · 5 sources ↓

Status
Billable
Chapter
13
Related CPT
4
Region
General
Drawn from CDCICD10DataAAPCCMSNIH

Documentation tips

What should appear in the chart to support M10.20.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in 5 cited references ↓

  • Record the specific joint affected — even a general descriptor like 'first MTP joint' or 'knee' lets you move to a site-specific M10.2x code instead of the unspecified M10.20.
  • Identify the offending drug by generic name and route; this is required to assign the correct T36–T50 adverse effect code that must accompany M10.20.
  • Distinguish acute flare from chronic gout in the assessment — 'gout flare' supports M10.20, while 'chronic gout' or 'gout with tophi' points to M1A.2-.
  • Document the causal relationship explicitly: 'gout flare secondary to hydrochlorothiazide' rather than 'gout; patient takes HCTZ' — the causal link must be provider-stated, not coder-inferred.
  • Note serum urate level and any synovial fluid crystal analysis in the record; these support clinical validity during audit review.

Related CPT procedures

Procedure codes commonly billed with M10.20. Linking the right diagnosis to the right procedure is what establishes medical necessity.

Source · CMS LCDs · AAOS specialty guidance · claims-pattern analysis

Common coding pitfalls

The recurring mistakes coders make with M10.20 and adjacent codes.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in CDC ICD-10-CM tabular guidance, AAOS coding references, and cited references ↓

  • Omitting the mandatory T36–T50 adverse effect code: M10.20 must be accompanied by a drug identification code with 5th or 6th character 5; submitting M10.20 alone is incomplete per Tabular List instructions.
  • Using M10.20 when a specific joint site is documented: if the note says 'right knee,' the correct code is M10.261, not M10.20 — 'unspecified site' is not a substitute for reading the record.
  • Confusing drug-induced gout (M10.2-) with lead-induced gout (M10.1-); lead exposure is coded separately and is not a pharmaceutical adverse effect scenario.
  • Assigning M10.20 for chronic drug-induced gout instead of the appropriate M1A.2- code — M10.20 describes an acute presentation only.
  • Sequencing the T-code first: M10.20 should be listed as the principal or first-listed diagnosis; the T36–T50 adverse effect code follows as an additional code.

Clinical context

Source · Editorial summary grounded in 5 cited references ↓

M10.20 is the catch-all code for drug-induced gout when the clinical note does not identify a specific joint. The M10.2x subcategory covers gout precipitated by medications — most commonly diuretics (thiazides, loop diuretics), low-dose aspirin, cyclosporine, pyrazinamide, and niacin — that elevate serum urate or impair renal urate excretion. When the affected site is documented, use the site-specific codes instead: M10.21x (shoulder), M10.22x (elbow), M10.23x (wrist), M10.24x (hand), M10.25x (hip), M10.26x (knee), M10.27x (ankle and foot), M10.28 (vertebrae), M10.29 (multiple sites). M10.20 is valid only when the provider's note genuinely omits joint location.

The Tabular List instructs coders to add a secondary code from T36–T50 with a 5th or 6th character of 5 to identify the offending drug and flag it as an adverse effect. This dual-coding requirement is mandatory, not optional — skip it and the claim lacks the pharmacologic causation link that payers and auditors expect. Sequence M10.20 first, then the T-code adverse effect code.

Do not use M10.20 for chronic drug-induced gout; the M1A.2- subcategory handles that. The Excludes2 note at the M10 block level confirms M1A.- codes can be assigned separately when both acute and chronic conditions coexist, but M10.20 itself represents an acute flare, not a chronic disease state. If the record describes tophi or a pattern of recurrent disease, query the provider about chronic gout before defaulting to M10.20.

Sibling codes

Other billable codes under M10.2 (laterality / anatomic variants).

Frequently asked questions

Source · Generated from the editorial pipeline, verified against 5 cited references ↓

01Is M10.20 billable on its own?
M10.20 is a valid billable code, but per Tabular List instructions it must be accompanied by a T36–T50 adverse effect code (5th or 6th character 5) identifying the causative drug. Submitting M10.20 without the drug code is technically incomplete and may trigger a payer edit.
02Which code takes priority in sequencing — M10.20 or the T-code?
M10.20 sequences first as the diagnosis. The T36–T50 adverse effect code is an additional code used to identify the drug; it does not lead the claim.
03When should I use M1A.20 instead of M10.20?
Use M1A.20 (chronic drug-induced gout, unspecified site) when the provider documents chronic gout or the presence of tophi attributable to a drug. M10.20 covers acute flares only. If both acute-on-chronic presentations exist, both codes can appear per the Excludes2 note at the M10 block.
04The note documents 'gout flare' but doesn't name a joint. Can I query the provider?
Yes — and you should. A site-specific M10.2x code carries more clinical detail and demonstrates higher diagnostic specificity. If the provider cannot identify a joint, M10.20 is appropriate, but a query is always preferable to defaulting to unspecified.
05Does M10.20 apply to gout triggered by chemotherapy agents?
Yes, if a chemotherapy drug (e.g., cytarabine, hydroxyurea) precipitates a gout flare, M10.20 applies, and you add the appropriate T45-range adverse effect code to identify the antineoplastic agent.
06How does drug-induced gout (M10.2-) differ from gout due to renal impairment (M10.3-)?
M10.3- codes gout caused by impaired renal urate clearance as a primary pathophysiologic driver, not by a specific drug. If the patient has both renal impairment and a diuretic on board, provider documentation must state which etiology is driving the flare — coders cannot infer causation independently.
07What MS-DRGs does M10.20 map to?
Per MS-DRG v43.0, M10.20 groups to DRG 553 (Bone Diseases and Arthropathies with MCC) or DRG 554 (Bone Diseases and Arthropathies without MCC), depending on comorbidity and complication documentation.

Mira AI Scribe

Mira AI Scribe captures the treating joint, the suspected causative medication (name, dose, duration), the provider's explicit statement linking the drug to the gout flare, and any serum urate or synovial fluid findings documented during the encounter. This detail drives site-specific code selection over M10.20 and satisfies the mandatory T36–T50 adverse effect pairing — preventing a claim rejection for an incomplete dual-code submission.

See how Mira captures M10.20 documentation

Related ICD-10 codes

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