ICD-10-CM · Spine

M06.28

Rheumatoid bursitis affecting the vertebral region — bursal inflammation along the spine occurring in the context of rheumatoid disease.

Verified May 8, 2026 · 6 sources ↓

Status
Billable
Chapter
13
Related CPT
11
Region
Spine
Drawn from CDCAAPCICD10DataRheumatologyadvisorIcdcodes

Documentation tips

What should appear in the chart to support M06.28.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in 6 cited references ↓

  • Specify the vertebral region involved (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, or sacral) to support medical necessity, even though ICD-10 does not subdivide M06.28 further.
  • Document the clinical basis linking bursitis to rheumatoid disease — lab values (RF, anti-CCP), prior RA diagnosis, or rheumatology consultation notes.
  • Record imaging findings (MRI or ultrasound) that confirm bursal fluid or synovial thickening at the vertebral level to substantiate the diagnosis.
  • Note whether rheumatoid factor is positive or negative; if seropositive RA is also present, evaluate whether M05-series codes are additionally warranted.
  • Document prior or concurrent treatments (DMARDs, NSAIDs, corticosteroids) to support conservative care history and medical necessity for any procedures.

Related CPT procedures

Procedure codes commonly billed with M06.28. Linking the right diagnosis to the right procedure is what establishes medical necessity.

Source · CMS LCDs · AAOS specialty guidance · claims-pattern analysis

72148 $191.72
Non-contrast MRI of the lumbar spine used to evaluate disc pathology, spinal stenosis, nerve root compression, and other structural abnormalities without administration of contrast material.
72141 $190.72
MRI of the cervical spinal canal and its contents performed without contrast material.
72158 $318.31
MRI of the lumbar spinal canal and its contents performed first without contrast, then repeated after contrast administration for enhanced visualization.
72100 $40.42
Radiologic examination of the lumbosacral spine capturing two or three views, used to evaluate the lumbar vertebrae and sacrum for injury, degeneration, or structural abnormality.
72110 $53.44
Radiologic examination of the lumbar spine (lumbosacral) with a minimum of four views, including oblique and/or bending views.
72020 $23.71
Single-view radiologic examination of the spine at a specified level.
99213 $95.19
Established patient office or outpatient visit requiring 20–29 minutes of total time or low-complexity medical decision-making.
99214 $135.61
Office visit for an established patient requiring moderate-complexity medical decision making (MDM), or 30–39 minutes of total provider time on the date of service.
99215 $192.39
Highest-level office or outpatient E/M visit for an established patient, qualifying via high-complexity medical decision making or 40–54 minutes of total provider time on the date of service.
20610 $68.81
Aspiration and/or injection of a major joint or bursa (shoulder, hip, knee, or subacromial bursa) performed without ultrasound guidance.
77002 View procedure details

Common coding pitfalls

The recurring mistakes coders make with M06.28 and adjacent codes.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in CDC ICD-10-CM tabular guidance, AAOS coding references, and cited references ↓

  • Confusing M06.28 (rheumatoid bursitis, vertebrae) with M06.08 (rheumatoid arthritis without RF, vertebrae) — bursitis and arthritis are different manifestations and require different codes.
  • Assigning M06.28 without documentation that ties the bursitis to rheumatoid disease — mechanical or non-rheumatoid spinal bursitis belongs in the M71 bursopathy category, not M06.
  • Overlooking that M06.28 carries no laterality extension — do not attempt to append a 6th character for side; the vertebral subcode is intentionally non-lateralized.
  • Defaulting to M06.20 (unspecified site) when the vertebral location is clearly documented — M06.28 is the billable, site-specific code and should be used when vertebrae are identified.

Clinical context

Source · Editorial summary grounded in 6 cited references ↓

M06.28 captures rheumatoid bursitis localized to the vertebrae, sitting under the M06.2 (Rheumatoid bursitis) subcategory within the broader M06 'Other rheumatoid arthritis' category. Use this code when the treating provider has documented bursal inflammation of the spine — cervical, thoracic, or lumbar — that is attributed to rheumatoid disease rather than mechanical, infectious, or crystal-induced causes. The vertebral site designation is unique within M06.2: unlike peripheral joints (shoulder, elbow, knee, hip, ankle, hand, wrist), the vertebral subcode carries no laterality extension because spinal bursae are midline or bilateral by anatomy. No 7th-character extension applies to this M-code.

This code belongs to the inflammatory polyarthropathies section (M05–M14) and requires clinical context linking the bursitis to rheumatoid disease. If the patient has confirmed RA with positive rheumatoid factor, consider whether a seropositive RA code (M05 series) more accurately captures the encounter before defaulting to M06.28. M06.28 is appropriate when the provider specifically identifies rheumatoid bursitis at the vertebrae without seropositive RA being the primary coded condition, or when the bursitis is the discrete manifestation being treated.

Distinguish M06.28 from M06.08 (Rheumatoid arthritis without rheumatoid factor, vertebrae) — bursitis and arthritis are distinct manifestations. Both may be present simultaneously, in which case both codes may be reported if documented. Also distinguish from non-rheumatoid spinal bursitis, which would fall under M71 (Other bursopathies) rather than M06.

Sibling codes

Other billable codes under M06.2 (laterality / anatomic variants).

Frequently asked questions

Source · Generated from the editorial pipeline, verified against 6 cited references ↓

01Does M06.28 require a laterality digit?
No. The vertebral subcode within M06.2 carries no laterality extension. Spinal bursae do not follow the right/left convention used for peripheral joint subcodes in this category. Code M06.28 as-is with no additional digit.
02Can M06.28 and M06.08 be reported together for the same patient visit?
Yes, if the provider has separately documented both rheumatoid bursitis at the vertebrae and rheumatoid arthritis without RF at the vertebrae as distinct active conditions. Both codes may be assigned when supported by documentation; do not use one as a proxy for the other.
03When should I use M71 spinal bursopathy codes instead of M06.28?
Use M71-series codes when the bursitis is not attributed to rheumatoid disease — for example, mechanical, traumatic, or idiopathic spinal bursitis. M06.28 requires a documented rheumatoid etiology; without that clinical link, M71 is the correct category.
04If a patient has seropositive RA and develops vertebral bursitis, should I use M06.28 or an M05 code?
Seropositive RA is coded under M05. If the vertebral bursitis is a discrete manifestation being separately documented and treated, M06.28 may be reported in addition. If the provider documents the bursitis as part of the overall seropositive RA picture, follow the provider's lead on which condition is primary.
05Is M06.28 valid for FY2026 claims?
Yes. M06.28 is a valid, billable ICD-10-CM code in the FY2026 code set (effective October 1, 2025), as confirmed in the CDC ICD-10-CM Tabular List 2026.
06What imaging CPT codes are commonly paired with M06.28?
Spinal MRI codes are the most common pairings — 72148 (MRI lumbar spine without contrast), 72141 (MRI cervical spine without contrast), and 72158 (MRI lumbar spine with and without contrast). Plain radiograph codes (72100, 72110) may also apply depending on the clinical workup.

Mira AI Scribe

Mira's AI scribe captures the vertebral region affected (cervical, thoracic, lumbar), the provider's attribution of bursitis to rheumatoid disease, relevant lab markers (RF, anti-CCP), and any imaging confirming bursal pathology at the spinal level. This prevents defaulting to unspecified site code M06.20, avoids misassignment to the M71 mechanical bursopathy category, and ensures the encounter record supports medical necessity for advanced imaging or spinal procedures.

See how Mira captures M06.28 documentation

Related ICD-10 codes

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