Fracture care · Foot & ankle

27786

Closed treatment of a distal fibula fracture (lateral malleolus) without manipulation — no reduction performed, fracture managed with immobilization only.

Verified May 8, 2026 · 4 sources ↓

Medicare
$350.04
Total RVUs
10.48
Global, days
90
Region
Foot & ankle
Drawn from NIHCMSAAPC

Documentation requirements

What must appear in the operative or office note to support the claim.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in 4 cited references ↓

  • Specify fracture location as distal fibula (lateral malleolus) with imaging correlation — avoid generic 'ankle fracture' language
  • Document the clinical rationale for treating without manipulation — fracture alignment, displacement measurement, and stability assessment
  • Record the type of immobilization applied (short leg cast, posterior splint, walking boot) and weight-bearing instructions given
  • Note which provider is assuming global follow-up care versus handing off — this determines whether casting codes can be billed separately
  • For bilateral fractures, document each side independently with separate clinical findings and laterality confirmed on imaging
  • If billing modifier 22 for increased complexity, document specific factors that made the encounter significantly more work than typical (e.g., severe osteoporosis, patient comorbidities requiring extended counseling)

Applicable modifiers

Modifiers commonly billed with this code.

Source · AMA CPT modifier descriptors · CMS NCCI Policy Manual

What this code covers

Source · Editorial summary grounded in 4 cited references ↓

CPT 27786 covers closed treatment of a distal fibular fracture without manipulation. The fracture is stable enough that no reduction is attempted; management consists of immobilization (cast, splint, or walking boot). The code sits within the fracture and dislocation procedures for the leg and ankle joint family, distinct from 27788 (with manipulation) and from bimalleolar codes like 27808.

The 90-day global period means all routine follow-up — including cast changes, wound checks, and radiograph reviews related to the fracture — is bundled from day 0 through day 90. Casting and strapping are explicitly bundled per NCCI; never bill 29581 or other splinting codes separately when 27786 is reported and you're assuming follow-up care. If a different physician applies the initial cast without assuming global care, they bill the casting code plus an E&M instead.

Bilateral distal fibula fractures are reported with modifier 50 or separate line entries with LT/RT. If the operative or clinical note covers both ankles, document each side's fracture pattern, stability assessment, and immobilization type independently. Payers vary on whether they accept modifier 50 versus separate lines for bilateral fracture care — confirm with each payer before submission.

RVU & reimbursement

Component RVUs and Medicare national rate. Actual payment varies by GPCI locality.

Source · CMS Physician Fee Schedule, RVU26A · January 2026

Work RVU2.94
Practice expense RVU7
Malpractice RVU0.54
Total RVU10.48
Medicare national rate$350.04
Global period90 days

Payment by site of service

Medicare pays different rates by setting. HOPD typically pays substantially more than ASC for the same procedure.

Source · CMS OPPS Addendum B·ASC HCPCS payment rates·2026

SettingMedicare rate (national)
Office (PFS non-facility)
Procedure performed in physician's office
$350.04
HOPD (APC 5111)
Hospital outpatient department
$252.01
ASC (PI A2)
Ambulatory surgical center (freestanding)
$135.54

Common denial reasons

The recurring reasons claims for CPT 27786 get rejected.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in CMS NCCI edits, AAOS coding appeals, and cited references ↓

  • Casting or splinting code (e.g., 29581, 29515) billed same-day — NCCI bundles immobilization into 27786 when the treating provider assumes global care
  • Laterality missing or inconsistent — claim submitted without LT/RT modifier while payer requires it, or modifier conflicts with imaging report
  • E&M billed same-day without modifier 25 — if a separately identifiable evaluation precedes the fracture treatment decision, modifier 25 is required on the E&M
  • Code selected doesn't match documented procedure — using 27786 when notes describe attempted reduction, which requires 27788 (with manipulation)
  • Global period billing conflict — subsequent fracture-related visits billed without modifier 24, triggering automatic denial during the 90-day window

Frequently asked questions

Source · Generated from the editorial pipeline, verified against 4 cited references ↓

01Can I bill a splint or cast application separately with 27786?
No. NCCI explicitly bundles casting, splinting, and strapping into 27786 when the treating provider assumes follow-up care. The only exception is when a provider applies the initial cast without assuming global care — in that scenario, bill an E&M plus the casting code, not 27786.
02What's the difference between 27786 and 27788?
27786 is closed treatment without manipulation — the fracture is stable and managed with immobilization only. 27788 is closed treatment with manipulation, meaning a reduction was performed. Bill based on what was actually done, not on fracture severity alone.
03How do I bill bilateral distal fibula fractures?
Report 27786 twice — once with LT and once with RT — or use modifier 50 on a single line, depending on payer preference. Document each ankle independently in the clinical note with separate fracture descriptions and laterality confirmed by imaging.
04Can I bill an E&M on the same day as 27786?
Only if the E&M is significant and separately identifiable from the fracture treatment decision. Append modifier 25 to the E&M. Routine pre-procedure assessment that leads directly to fracture management does not support a separate E&M.
05What happens if the fracture displaces during the 90-day global and requires manipulation?
A return visit to perform closed reduction (27788) is a staged or related procedure during the global period. Bill 27788 with modifier 58 (staged/related procedure planned or anticipated) or modifier 78 if the return was unplanned but related to the original treatment.
06Is 27786 appropriate when a walking boot is used instead of a cast?
Yes. The code covers closed treatment without manipulation regardless of immobilization type — cast, posterior splint, or prefabricated boot all fall within the descriptor. Document the specific device used and weight-bearing status.

Mira AI Scribe

Mira's AI scribe captures the fracture site (distal fibula, lateral malleolus), laterality, imaging-confirmed alignment and displacement, the treating provider's decision not to manipulate, and the immobilization type applied — along with who is assuming global follow-up care. This prevents the two most common denials for 27786: a mismatch between the documented procedure and the billed code (manipulation vs. no manipulation), and inappropriate same-day casting code submission when the treating provider owns the 90-day global.

See how Mira captures CPT 27786 documentation

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