Fracture care · Foot & ankle

27758

Open fixation of a tibial shaft fracture using plate and screw constructs, with or without cerclage wires, and with or without an associated fibular fracture.

Verified May 8, 2026 · 6 sources ↓

Medicare
$833.35
Total RVUs
24.95
Global, days
90
Region
Foot & ankle
Drawn from CMSAAPCMdclarityAAOSAoassn

Documentation requirements

What must appear in the operative or office note to support the claim.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in 6 cited references ↓

  • Confirm open surgical approach is documented — this is not a closed or percutaneous technique
  • Specify plate type, screw count, and construct configuration (e.g., locking vs. non-locking plate)
  • Note whether cerclage wires were placed and document their purpose if used
  • Document presence or absence of an associated fibular fracture and confirm it was not separately treated
  • Record fracture pattern, location along the tibial shaft, and degree of displacement or comminution
  • Identify operative limb (left or right) for modifier LT/RT application
  • Include intraoperative fluoroscopy findings confirming fracture reduction and hardware placement

Applicable modifiers

Modifiers commonly billed with this code.

Source · AMA CPT modifier descriptors · CMS NCCI Policy Manual

What this code covers

Source · Editorial summary grounded in 6 cited references ↓

27758 covers open treatment of a tibial shaft fracture stabilized with a plate-and-screw construct. Cerclage wires may be added for additional rotational control. If a fibular fracture is also present, it is not coded or billed separately — the procedure addresses the tibia only, and any fibular work is considered incidental.

The 90-day global period means all routine postoperative care — wound checks, suture removal, cast changes, and fracture follow-up visits — is bundled through day 90. An E/M visit for a new, unrelated problem during that window requires modifier 24. A decision-for-surgery visit made the day of or day before the index procedure requires modifier 57 on the E/M code.

27758 (plate/screws) and 27759 (intramedullary nail) are mutually exclusive — NCCI bundles them together. Do not bill both for the same tibial shaft fracture regardless of what hardware was used at different stages. The operative note must clearly distinguish the fixation method to justify whichever code is selected.

RVU & reimbursement

Component RVUs and Medicare national rate. Actual payment varies by GPCI locality.

Source · CMS Physician Fee Schedule, RVU26A · January 2026

Work RVU12.23
Practice expense RVU10.15
Malpractice RVU2.57
Total RVU24.95
Medicare national rate$833.35
Global period90 days

Payment by site of service

Medicare pays different rates by setting. HOPD typically pays substantially more than ASC for the same procedure.

Source · CMS OPPS Addendum B·ASC HCPCS payment rates·2026

SettingMedicare rate (national)
Office (PFS non-facility)
Procedure performed in physician's office
$833.35
HOPD (APC 5115)
Hospital outpatient department
$13,116.76
ASC (PI J8)
Ambulatory surgical center (freestanding)
$8,872.72

Common denial reasons

The recurring reasons claims for CPT 27758 get rejected.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in CMS NCCI edits, AAOS coding appeals, and cited references ↓

  • Bundling edit triggered when 27758 and 27759 are billed together for the same tibial shaft fracture
  • Missing laterality — claim submitted without modifier LT or RT, flagged for specificity
  • E/M visit billed during the 90-day global period without modifier 24 or 57, denied as bundled
  • Operative note documents intramedullary nail fixation but 27758 (plate/screws) is coded — mismatched hardware
  • Modifier 22 used without supporting documentation detailing the substantially increased operative work
  • Fibular fracture coded separately with a second procedure code, triggering a bundling denial

Frequently asked questions

Source · Generated from the editorial pipeline, verified against 6 cited references ↓

01Can I bill 27758 and 27759 together if both a plate and a nail were used?
No. NCCI bundles 27758 and 27759 together. Bill whichever code reflects the primary, definitive fixation construct. If a nail was placed over a previously plated tibia in a staged setting, modifier 58 on the second code may support payment, but verify payer policy before assuming the edit will be bypassed.
02Do I need to code the fibular fracture separately if it was also present?
No. 27758 includes management of a concomitant fibular fracture. Billing a separate fibular fracture code alongside 27758 will trigger a bundling denial. Document the fibular fracture in the operative note but do not add a second procedure code for it.
03Which modifier applies when the surgeon makes the decision for surgery on the same day as the operation?
Modifier 57 goes on the E/M code, not the surgical code. It signals that the decision for this major procedure (90-day global) was made at that visit and allows separate payment for the E/M service that would otherwise fall into the preoperative global period.
04When is modifier 22 appropriate for 27758?
Use modifier 22 when the operative work was substantially greater than typical — for example, severe comminution requiring extended reduction time, morbid obesity significantly increasing exposure difficulty, or previous hardware removal prior to new fixation. The operative note must narrate the specific factors that increased work; a generic mention of 'complex fracture' will not support the modifier on audit.
05Is 27758 billed at the HOPD rate or ASC rate, and does it matter for the practice?
The site of service affects facility payment, not the physician's professional fee directly. However, if you're in a hospital-owned practice, the total episode cost differs significantly between HOPD and ASC settings — see the site-of-service comparison table on this page. For independent practices performing this case in an ASC, verify that your implant costs are covered under the ASC facility payment before scheduling.
06What ICD-10 codes pair with 27758?
Tibial shaft fracture diagnosis codes fall under the S82.2x- range in ICD-10-CM. Specify laterality (right: S82.201-, left: S82.202-) and encounter type (initial encounter for open fracture uses the appropriate seventh-character extension A, B, or C depending on fracture type). Fracture type and encounter character must match across the claim and the operative note.

Mira AI Scribe

Mira's AI scribe captures the fixation method (plate and screws vs. IM nail), cerclage wire use, fibular fracture status and whether it was independently addressed, operative limb laterality, and fracture pattern from dictation. This prevents the most common audit flag for 27758 — operative notes that describe hardware inconsistent with the billed code — and supports modifier 22 when dictated complexity justifies it.

See how Mira captures CPT 27758 documentation

Related CPT codes

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