Soft tissue repair · Foot & ankle

27626

Open ankle arthrotomy with synovectomy and tenosynovectomy — surgical removal of the ankle joint synovial lining combined with excision of the surrounding tendon sheath tissue.

Verified May 8, 2026 · 6 sources ↓

Medicare
$564.14
Total RVUs
16.89
Global, days
90
Region
Foot & ankle
Drawn from AbosMdclarityCMSAAOS

Documentation requirements

What must appear in the operative or office note to support the claim.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in 6 cited references ↓

  • Operative note must name the specific approach used to access the ankle joint — vague 'standard arthrotomy' language is an audit flag.
  • Explicitly document that tenosynovectomy was performed, not synovectomy alone — this is the clinical distinction between 27625 and 27626.
  • Identify which tendons had their sheaths excised (e.g., peroneal, posterior tibial, flexor hallucis longus) and document the extent of tissue removed.
  • Document the preoperative diagnosis with supporting imaging or prior conservative treatment failure to establish medical necessity for open synovectomy.
  • Record intraoperative findings including extent and character of synovial disease (hyperplastic, fibrotic, hemosiderin-laden, etc.).
  • Laterality must be specified in both the operative note and the claim — RT or LT modifier required for unilateral procedures.

Applicable modifiers

Modifiers commonly billed with this code.

Source · AMA CPT modifier descriptors · CMS NCCI Policy Manual

What this code covers

Source · Editorial summary grounded in 6 cited references ↓

27626 covers an open ankle arthrotomy in which the surgeon removes both the synovial membrane lining the ankle joint and the tenosynovium surrounding adjacent tendons. This distinguishes it from 27625, which stops at synovectomy alone — if you performed tenosynovectomy through the same incision, 27626 is the correct code. The procedure is performed to address inflammatory or destructive joint disease, most commonly rheumatoid arthritis, pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS), or refractory synovitis unresponsive to conservative management.

The 90-day global period covers the operative session, the day-before visit, and all routine post-op management through day 90. Separate billing for routine wound checks, dressing changes, or suture removal during that window requires modifier 24 (E/M) or modifier 25 (same-day E/M) with clear documentation that the visit addressed a problem unrelated to the surgical diagnosis. New or worsening complications requiring a return to the OR in the global period use modifier 78 if related to the original procedure, or modifier 79 if unrelated.

RVU & reimbursement

Component RVUs and Medicare national rate. Actual payment varies by GPCI locality.

Source · CMS Physician Fee Schedule, RVU26A · January 2026

Work RVU8.87
Practice expense RVU6.69
Malpractice RVU1.33
Total RVU16.89
Medicare national rate$564.14
Global period90 days

Payment by site of service

Medicare pays different rates by setting. HOPD typically pays substantially more than ASC for the same procedure.

Source · CMS OPPS Addendum B·ASC HCPCS payment rates·2026

SettingMedicare rate (national)
Office (PFS non-facility)
Procedure performed in physician's office
$564.14
HOPD (APC 5113)
Hospital outpatient department
$3,342.87
ASC (PI A2)
Ambulatory surgical center (freestanding)
$1,644.87

Common denial reasons

The recurring reasons claims for CPT 27626 get rejected.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in CMS NCCI edits, AAOS coding appeals, and cited references ↓

  • Upcoding flag: billing 27626 when the operative note only documents synovectomy without explicit tenosynovectomy — defaults the claim to 27625.
  • Missing medical necessity: no documented failed conservative treatment or prior imaging supporting degree of synovial disease requiring open excision.
  • Laterality modifier absent or mismatched between the claim and operative report.
  • NCCI bundling conflict when separately billing component services already included in the open arthrotomy approach (e.g., joint exploration, loose body removal performed through the same incision).
  • Global period violation: routine post-op visits billed without modifier 24 during the 90-day global window.

Frequently asked questions

Source · Generated from the editorial pipeline, verified against 6 cited references ↓

01What is the difference between 27625 and 27626?
27625 covers ankle synovectomy alone. 27626 adds tenosynovectomy — excision of the tendon sheath tissue surrounding ankle tendons through the same open approach. If you only removed the joint lining, bill 27625. If you also excised tenosynovium, bill 27626. The operative note must document both components explicitly.
02Can 27626 be billed with ankle arthroscopy codes on the same day?
Only with strong justification and modifier 59 or XS if the arthroscopic and open procedures addressed anatomically distinct compartments or structures. NCCI edits bundle many ankle procedure combinations — check the current NCCI PTP edits before submitting, and ensure the operative note supports distinct procedural services.
03Does 27626 carry a global period, and what does that mean for post-op billing?
Yes — 27626 has a 90-day global period. Routine follow-up visits, wound checks, and suture removal through day 90 are included and cannot be billed separately. E/M visits for unrelated problems need modifier 24; same-day E/M visits addressing a separate issue need modifier 25 with documentation of the distinct medical decision-making.
04When should modifier 50 be used with 27626?
Use modifier 50 only when the open synovectomy with tenosynovectomy is performed on both ankles in the same operative session. Bill one line with modifier 50 and one unit of service. Most payers reimburse the second side at 50% of the allowable. Confirm bilateral policy with each payer before submitting.
05What ICD-10 diagnoses most commonly support 27626?
The strongest medical necessity support comes from M06.071–M06.072 (rheumatoid arthritis with involvement of the ankle), M12.271–M12.272 (villonodular synovitis of the ankle), and M65.871–M65.872 (other synovitis of the ankle). Payers will scrutinize claims without documented failed conservative management, so include prior injection, physical therapy, or imaging findings in the record.
06Is modifier 22 ever appropriate for 27626?
Yes, when the procedure is substantially more complex than typical — for example, severe adhesive disease requiring extensive dissection, prior surgery creating significant scar tissue, or unusually aggressive synovial involvement. Modifier 22 requires a written narrative in the claim explaining the added complexity; without it, payers routinely ignore the modifier and pay at standard rate.

Mira AI Scribe

Mira's AI scribe captures the surgeon's dictation of both the synovectomy and tenosynovectomy steps, names the specific tendons whose sheaths were excised, records the approach used, and flags laterality — preventing the most common downcode from 27626 to 27625 caused by operative notes that describe joint lining removal but omit the tenosynovectomy documentation that justifies the higher-level code.

See how Mira captures CPT 27626 documentation

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