Soft tissue repair · Knee

27397

Transfer or transplant of multiple tendons in the thigh, involving muscle redirection or rerouting — for example, moving an extensor tendon to function on the flexor side.

Verified May 8, 2026 · 5 sources ↓

Medicare
$856.40
Total RVUs
25.64
Global, days
90
Region
Knee
Drawn from CMSAAPCFindacodeFastrvuMdclarity

Documentation requirements

What must appear in the operative or office note to support the claim.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in 5 cited references ↓

  • Identify each tendon transferred or transplanted by name — vague references to 'multiple tendons' invite audits
  • Document the direction of rerouting (e.g., extensor-to-flexor) and the functional goal of the transfer
  • State the clinical indication: paralysis, nerve injury, spasticity, or other diagnosis driving the reconstruction
  • Describe the surgical technique for each tendon: harvest site, rerouting path, fixation method, and tension setting
  • Record intraoperative assessment of muscle tension and range-of-motion testing after fixation
  • Confirm in the operative note that this involved multiple tendons — single-tendon transfers code differently

Applicable modifiers

Modifiers commonly billed with this code.

Source · AMA CPT modifier descriptors · CMS NCCI Policy Manual

What this code covers

Source · Editorial summary grounded in 5 cited references ↓

CPT 27397 covers surgical transfer or transplantation of multiple thigh tendons with muscle redirection or rerouting. The classic example is transposing an extensor tendon to the flexor side so it functions as a flexor — a technique used in paralytic conditions, nerve injury sequelae, or complex reconstructive scenarios where motor function must be redistributed across the thigh. This is not a single-tendon repair; the code requires multiple tendons and intentional rerouting of muscle mechanics.

The procedure carries a 90-day global period. All routine post-op visits, wound checks, and stitch removals through day 90 are bundled. Anything unrelated billed in that window needs modifier 24 or 25. If a staged or unplanned related procedure is required in the global period, append modifier 78. An unrelated procedure in the global window takes modifier 79.

Site of service matters here. HOPD and ASC payments differ materially — see the Site of Service comparison on this page. Bilateral cases are uncommon but possible; append modifier 50 and confirm payer policy, as some carriers require separate line items with LT/RT instead.

RVU & reimbursement

Component RVUs and Medicare national rate. Actual payment varies by GPCI locality.

Source · CMS Physician Fee Schedule, RVU26A · January 2026

Work RVU12.34
Practice expense RVU10.68
Malpractice RVU2.62
Total RVU25.64
Medicare national rate$856.40
Global period90 days

Payment by site of service

Medicare pays different rates by setting. HOPD typically pays substantially more than ASC for the same procedure.

Source · CMS OPPS Addendum B·ASC HCPCS payment rates·2026

SettingMedicare rate (national)
Office (PFS non-facility)
Procedure performed in physician's office
$856.40
HOPD (APC 5114)
Hospital outpatient department
$7,413.38
ASC (PI J8)
Ambulatory surgical center (freestanding)
$5,459.27

Common denial reasons

The recurring reasons claims for CPT 27397 get rejected.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in CMS NCCI edits, AAOS coding appeals, and cited references ↓

  • Operative note documents only one tendon transferred, failing to support the 'multiple tendons' requirement of 27397
  • Medical necessity not established — diagnosis codes do not reflect a condition requiring tendon rerouting (e.g., no documented neurological deficit, paralysis, or functional loss)
  • Bundled denial when payer considers 27397 included in a concurrent knee reconstruction or arthroplasty code billed same-day without modifier 59 or XS
  • Missing documentation of the rerouting or redirection component — notes that describe repair rather than transfer/transplant with muscle redirection are flagged
  • Global period conflict: post-op visit billed without modifier 24 when the treating surgeon is still within the 90-day global window

Frequently asked questions

Source · Generated from the editorial pipeline, verified against 5 cited references ↓

01Does 27397 require a minimum number of tendons?
Yes. The code is explicitly for transfer or transplant of multiple tendons with muscle redirection. A single-tendon transfer does not support 27397 — use the appropriate single-tendon thigh/knee transfer code instead, and document each tendon by name in the operative note.
02Is tendon harvesting for an ACL repair billable with 27397?
No. Tendon harvest for an ACL repair (e.g., hamstring graft via 29888) is bundled into the arthroscopic repair code. 27397 is not the correct code for graft harvest in that context, even when multiple tendons are taken.
03What modifiers apply when 27397 is performed bilaterally?
Append modifier 50 for a bilateral procedure on a single line, or bill LT and RT on separate lines depending on payer requirements. Confirm individual payer policy before submitting — Medicare generally accepts modifier 50, but some commercial payers require split lines.
04What is the global period for 27397, and what's bundled into it?
27397 has a 90-day global period. The surgery day, the day-before pre-op visit, and all routine post-op care through day 90 are bundled. Use modifier 24 for unrelated E/M visits and modifier 79 for unrelated procedures performed in that window. Unplanned related returns to the OR take modifier 78.
05Can 27397 be billed same-day with a knee arthroplasty or other major knee procedure?
Only with strong documentation and the appropriate modifier (59 or XS) establishing that the tendon transfer is a distinct service. Payers frequently bundle 27397 with concurrent major knee procedures absent a clear operative note explaining the separate clinical purpose. Expect scrutiny and pre-verify NCCI edits for the specific code pair.
06What ICD-10 diagnoses most commonly support 27397?
Conditions driving medical necessity include traumatic or post-surgical nerve injury with motor deficit, paralytic conditions affecting thigh musculature, spastic conditions requiring functional rebalancing, and sequelae of prior surgery or infection. Payers will deny if the linked diagnosis does not clinically explain why tendon rerouting — not simple repair — was required.

Sources & references

Editorial content was developed using the following public sources. Last verified May 8, 2026.

  1. 01CMS Physician Fee Schedule 2026
  2. 02
    aapc.com
    https://www.aapc.com/codes/cpt-codes/27397
  3. 03
    findacode.com
    https://www.findacode.com/cpt/27397-cpt-code.html
  4. 04
    fastrvu.com
    https://fastrvu.com/cpt/27397
  5. 05
    mdclarity.com
    https://www.mdclarity.com/cpt-code/27397

Mira AI Scribe

Mira's AI scribe captures each tendon by name, the direction of rerouting, fixation technique, and intraoperative tension/ROM assessment directly from dictation. That detail prevents the two most common denials for 27397: notes that describe a single tendon (failing the 'multiple' threshold) and notes that read as a repair rather than a functional transfer with muscle redirection.

See how Mira captures CPT 27397 documentation

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