Fusion · Hand

26844

Arthrodesis of the carpometacarpal joint of a finger (not the thumb), performed with autograft harvested from the patient's own body during the same operative session.

Verified May 8, 2026 · 6 sources ↓

Medicare
$840.70
Total RVUs
25.17
Global, days
90
Region
Hand
Drawn from CMSBedrockbillingAbosFindacode

Documentation requirements

What must appear in the operative or office note to support the claim.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in 6 cited references ↓

  • Specify which digit's CMC joint was fused (index, long, ring, or small finger) — 'non-thumb CMC' alone is insufficient for audit purposes.
  • Confirm autograft source in the operative note: donor site, amount harvested, and preparation method.
  • Document internal fixation device type and placement if used (K-wire, plate, screw), or explicitly note that fixation was not employed.
  • Record the patient's diagnosis by ICD-10 code — common drivers include CMC osteoarthritis (M18.x), post-traumatic arthritis, or joint instability following ligamentous injury.
  • Note the surgical approach and confirm the joint was taken down to bleeding subchondral bone before graft placement.
  • Document informed consent confirming the patient understood the graft harvest site and fusion goals.

Applicable modifiers

Modifiers commonly billed with this code.

Source · AMA CPT modifier descriptors · CMS NCCI Policy Manual

What this code covers

Source · Editorial summary grounded in 6 cited references ↓

CPT 26844 covers surgical fusion of a carpometacarpal (CMC) joint of any finger other than the thumb, where the surgeon also harvests and applies autogenous bone graft to stimulate joint consolidation. The graft harvest is bundled — do not separately report a graft procurement code. Internal fixation, when used, is also included in the procedure. Report this code once per fused CMC joint; when multiple non-thumb CMC joints are fused at the same session, append modifier 51 to the additional code(s) or use the appropriate additional units per payer instructions.

This code sits in a family with 26843, which covers the same CMC arthrodesis without autograft. If the surgeon planned the procedure with autograft from the outset, 26844 is correct. If an allograft or synthetic bone substitute is used instead of the patient's own bone, verify payer policy — 26844's descriptor specifically requires autograft.

The 90-day global period means all routine post-op care through day 90 is bundled. Fracture care, hardware removal, or treatment of unrelated conditions during that window require modifier 24 or 79, respectively. Same-day E/M services require modifier 25 on the office visit to survive NCCI scrutiny.

RVU & reimbursement

Component RVUs and Medicare national rate. Actual payment varies by GPCI locality.

Source · CMS Physician Fee Schedule, RVU26A · January 2026

Work RVU8.76
Practice expense RVU14.55
Malpractice RVU1.86
Total RVU25.17
Medicare national rate$840.70
Global period90 days

Payment by site of service

Medicare pays different rates by setting. HOPD typically pays substantially more than ASC for the same procedure.

Source · CMS OPPS Addendum B·ASC HCPCS payment rates·2026

SettingMedicare rate (national)
Office (PFS non-facility)
Procedure performed in physician's office
$840.70
HOPD (APC 5114)
Hospital outpatient department
$7,413.38
ASC (PI J8)
Ambulatory surgical center (freestanding)
$5,104.04

Common denial reasons

The recurring reasons claims for CPT 26844 get rejected.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in CMS NCCI edits, AAOS coding appeals, and cited references ↓

  • Autograft not documented in the operative note — payer downcodes to 26843 and recoups the difference.
  • Multiple CMC joints fused same session billed without modifier 51, triggering a bundling edit.
  • ICD-10 diagnosis code does not support arthrodesis (e.g., acute fracture coded without documenting failed conservative treatment or clinical necessity for fusion).
  • Graft procurement separately billed in addition to 26844, which already includes obtaining the autograft.
  • E/M service billed same day without modifier 25, bundled under the global payment rules.

Frequently asked questions

Source · Generated from the editorial pipeline, verified against 6 cited references ↓

01What is the difference between CPT 26843 and 26844?
26843 is the CMC arthrodesis without autograft. 26844 adds autogenous bone graft harvested from the patient, and that harvest is already bundled into the code — the higher RVU reflects the additional operative work. Use 26844 only when the patient's own bone was actually taken and used.
02Can I bill for the graft harvest separately when reporting 26844?
No. The autograft harvest is included in the descriptor of 26844. Separately billing a graft procurement code alongside 26844 will trigger an NCCI bundling edit and result in denial or recoupment.
03How do I bill if the surgeon fused two non-thumb CMC joints in the same hand at the same session?
Report 26844 for the primary joint and add a second unit of 26844 (or the appropriate companion code) with modifier 51 for the additional joint. Confirm your payer's multiple-procedure reduction rules — Medicare applies a 50% reduction to the second and subsequent procedures.
04What modifier is required if the surgeon returns to the OR within the 90-day global to address hardware failure at the same site?
Modifier 78 — unplanned return to the OR for a complication related to the original procedure during the global period. Do not use modifier 79 for a related return; that modifier is reserved for truly unrelated procedures.
05Does the 90-day global period cover the donor site management for the autograft harvest?
Routine donor site wound care is included in the global. If the donor site develops a complication requiring separate surgical intervention (e.g., debridement of a wound dehiscence), that is separately billable with modifier 78 if related or modifier 79 if unrelated, depending on clinical context.
06Which ICD-10 codes most commonly support 26844?
Post-traumatic CMC osteoarthritis (M18.31/M18.32), primary CMC osteoarthritis of the fingers (M18.x series), and CMC joint instability or ligamentous disruption following prior trauma are the most accepted diagnoses. Payers may request chart documentation showing conservative treatment failure before approving fusion.
07Is 26844 payable in an ASC setting?
Yes. CMS assigns a distinct ASC payment rate for 26844 — see the Site of Service comparison on this page. ASC payment is lower than HOPD. Confirm the procedure is on your ASC's covered procedures list before scheduling.

Mira AI Scribe

Mira's AI scribe captures the specific digit fused, autograft donor site and harvest details, fixation method (or explicit absence of fixation), and approach used — the exact elements auditors check when distinguishing 26844 from 26843 and when reviewing for unbundled graft codes. Missing autograft documentation is the leading reason payers downcode this procedure on post-payment review.

See how Mira captures CPT 26844 documentation

Related CPT codes

Ready?

Ready to transform your orthopedic practice?

See how orthopedic practices are running documentation, billing, and operations on a single voice-first platform.

Get started for free