Fusion · Spine

22630

Posterior interbody arthrodesis of a single lumbar interspace, including laminectomy and/or discectomy performed to prepare the interspace for fusion rather than for decompression.

Verified May 8, 2026 · 5 sources ↓

Medicare
$1,510.72
Total RVUs
45.23
Global, days
90
Region
Spine
Drawn from CMSAAOS

Documentation requirements

What must appear in the operative or office note to support the claim.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in 5 cited references ↓

  • Specify the exact interspace fused (e.g., L4-L5) — not just 'lumbar level'
  • Document that laminectomy/discectomy was performed to prepare the interbody space, not as a standalone decompression
  • Identify the surgical approach by name (e.g., PLIF, TLIF posterior approach) and confirm it is a posterior interbody technique
  • Record bone graft type and source (autograft, allograft, synthetic) and interbody device used, if any
  • State the indication: diagnosis supporting fusion (e.g., spondylolisthesis, degenerative disc disease with instability, prior failed decompression)
  • If modifier 22 is appended, the operative note must quantify the added work — prior surgery scarring, anatomy distortion, or excessive bleeding — not just state it

Applicable modifiers

Modifiers commonly billed with this code.

Source · AMA CPT modifier descriptors · CMS NCCI Policy Manual

What this code covers

Source · Editorial summary grounded in 5 cited references ↓

22630 covers a lumbar posterior interbody fusion (PLIF) at one interspace. The surgeon accesses the disc space from a posterior approach, removes the lamina and disc material as needed to prepare the interbody space, then places bone graft or an interbody device to achieve fusion. The laminectomy and discectomy are incidental to the fusion prep — if the primary intent is decompression alone, this code does not apply. 22630 is reported per interspace; use add-on code 22632 for each additional interspace at the same operative session.

Not to be confused with 22633, which covers the combined posterior/posterolateral technique performed alongside posterior interbody fusion at the same interspace. The NCCI PTP edit between 22630 and 22633 is non-bypassable at the same interspace — if you're doing both at the same level, 22633 is the correct single code. If performed at different interspaces, modifier 59 or XS separates them. CMS deleted the PTP edits between 22630 (and related fusion codes) and add-on codes 63052/63053 effective October 1, 2023, so those combinations no longer require a modifier.

The 90-day global covers all routine post-op care. Return to the OR for a related complication bills with modifier 78; an unrelated procedure during the global period uses modifier 79. A staged secondary fusion level planned from the outset uses modifier 58 and resets the global clock.

RVU & reimbursement

Component RVUs and Medicare national rate. Actual payment varies by GPCI locality.

Source · CMS Physician Fee Schedule, RVU26A · January 2026

Work RVU21.54
Practice expense RVU15.81
Malpractice RVU7.88
Total RVU45.23
Medicare national rate$1,510.72
Global period90 days

Payment by site of service

Medicare pays different rates by setting. HOPD typically pays substantially more than ASC for the same procedure.

Source · CMS OPPS Addendum B·ASC HCPCS payment rates·2026

SettingMedicare rate (national)
Office (PFS non-facility)
Procedure performed in physician's office
$1,510.72
HOPD (APC 5117)
Hospital outpatient department
$27,721.73
ASC (PI J8)
Ambulatory surgical center (freestanding)
$20,858.55

Common denial reasons

The recurring reasons claims for CPT 22630 get rejected.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in CMS NCCI edits, AAOS coding appeals, and cited references ↓

  • Billing 22630 and 22633 at the same interspace triggers a non-bypassable NCCI PTP edit — use 22633 alone when both techniques are performed at one level
  • Lack of medical necessity documentation: payers require evidence of conservative treatment failure before authorizing lumbar fusion
  • Reporting 22630 alongside a standalone decompression code (e.g., 63056) at the same spinal level without a modifier — NCCI bundles these at the same anatomic site
  • Missing or mismatched diagnosis codes: ICD-10 must support instability or fusion indication, not just disc herniation or radiculopathy alone
  • Failure to obtain prior authorization — most commercial payers and Medicare Advantage plans require pre-auth for lumbar fusion procedures

Frequently asked questions

Source · Generated from the editorial pipeline, verified against 5 cited references ↓

01What is the difference between 22630 and 22633?
22630 is posterior interbody fusion alone. 22633 is the combined code used when both posterior/posterolateral arthrodesis and posterior interbody fusion are performed at the same interspace in the same session. Never bill 22630 and 22633 together at the same level — an NCCI PTP edit will deny one.
02When do I add 22632 to a claim with 22630?
22632 is the add-on code for each additional interspace fused by the same posterior interbody technique in the same session. Bill 22630 once as the primary, then 22632 for each extra level. Do not append modifier 51 to add-on codes.
03Can 22630 and 63056 be billed together?
Not at the same spinal level. The NCCI PTP edit between 22630 and 63056 (transpedicular decompression) bundles them at the same anatomic site. If performed at genuinely different levels, append modifier 59 or XS to the column-two code to indicate a distinct site.
04Does modifier 62 apply to 22630?
Yes. When two surgeons each perform distinct portions of the posterior interbody fusion — common in complex deformity or co-surgeon arrangements between neurosurgery and orthopedic spine — both surgeons append modifier 62 to 22630 and each bills their portion. Both operative notes must document the individual surgeon's distinct role.
05What global period applies, and what does that mean for post-op billing?
22630 carries a 90-day global period. All routine follow-up, dressing changes, and post-op visits are included through day 90. Bill modifier 24 on an E/M for an unrelated problem during that window, modifier 78 for an unplanned return to the OR for a related complication, and modifier 79 for an unrelated return procedure.
06Is prior authorization required for 22630?
Traditional Medicare does not require prior auth for 22630, but most commercial payers and Medicare Advantage plans do. Requirements vary by payer; verify before scheduling and document conservative treatment failure in the record to support medical necessity.
07When is modifier 22 appropriate on 22630?
Append modifier 22 when intraoperative complexity is substantially beyond typical — prior multi-level surgery with dense epidural scarring, significant intraoperative bleeding requiring control, or severe obesity complicating access. The operative note must describe the specific factors; generic statements like 'procedure was difficult' will not support the modifier on audit.

Mira AI Scribe

Mira's AI scribe captures the interspace level, surgical approach name, purpose of the laminectomy/discectomy (fusion prep vs. decompression), graft type, and any interbody device from dictation. This prevents the most common audit flag on 22630 notes: operative reports that don't distinguish fusion-prep discectomy from standalone decompression, which triggers downcoding or bundling into a decompression-only code.

See how Mira captures CPT 22630 documentation

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