Surgical · Other

21244

Extraoral mandibular reconstruction using a transosteal bone plate — such as a mandibular staple bone plate — to restore structural integrity and function of the lower jaw.

Verified May 8, 2026 · 7 sources ↓

Medicare
$897.48
Total RVUs
26.87
Global, days
90
Region
Other
Drawn from CMSNIHAAPCMdclarityAxogeninc

Documentation requirements

What must appear in the operative or office note to support the claim.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in 7 cited references ↓

  • Operative note must specify the extraoral surgical approach and confirm transosteal plate placement through the inferior mandibular border
  • Indications must be documented: trauma, oncologic resection defect, severe mandibular atrophy, or congenital anomaly driving the reconstruction
  • Hardware description: plate type, dimensions, and number of fixation points through the cortical bone
  • Pre-op imaging (CT or panoramic radiograph) demonstrating the mandibular defect and confirming need for extraoral transosteal approach
  • If modifier 22 is appended, the operative note must quantify increased time, complexity, or intraoperative findings that made the procedure substantially more difficult than typical

Applicable modifiers

Modifiers commonly billed with this code.

Source · AMA CPT modifier descriptors · CMS NCCI Policy Manual

What this code covers

Source · Editorial summary grounded in 7 cited references ↓

CPT 21244 covers open, extraoral reconstruction of the mandible using a transosteal bone plate that passes through the full thickness of the jawbone. The procedure addresses mandibular defects caused by trauma, oncologic resection, or severe atrophy where intraoral approaches are insufficient. The transosteal hardware anchors through the inferior border of the mandible and provides rigid fixation to reestablish arch continuity and occlusal function.

This is a high-complexity craniofacial procedure carrying a 90-day global period. That window covers the operative day, any routine post-op visits, and management of normal healing through day 90. A return to the OR for hardware failure, wound breakdown, or plate revision during that window requires modifier 78 if the issue is related to the original procedure, or modifier 79 if unrelated. Staged reconstruction planned before the initial surgery bills with modifier 58.

Billing is predominantly driven by oral and maxillofacial surgeons and ENT/head-and-neck surgeons, not orthopedics — the PUF data reflects Otolaryngology as the top specialty. When performed in an HOPD or ASC, payment follows the site-of-service rate; see the site-of-service comparison table for 2026 values. Multiple procedure rules apply when 21244 is billed same-day with other surgical codes; modifier 51 signals the secondary procedure.

RVU & reimbursement

Component RVUs and Medicare national rate. Actual payment varies by GPCI locality.

Source · CMS Physician Fee Schedule, RVU26A · January 2026

Work RVU13.28
Practice expense RVU11.65
Malpractice RVU1.94
Total RVU26.87
Medicare national rate$897.48
Global period90 days

Payment by site of service

Medicare pays different rates by setting. HOPD typically pays substantially more than ASC for the same procedure.

Source · CMS OPPS Addendum B·ASC HCPCS payment rates·2026

SettingMedicare rate (national)
Office (PFS non-facility)
Procedure performed in physician's office
$897.48
HOPD (APC 5165)
Hospital outpatient department
$6,048.05
ASC (PI J8)
Ambulatory surgical center (freestanding)
$4,139.44

Common denial reasons

The recurring reasons claims for CPT 21244 get rejected.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in CMS NCCI edits, AAOS coding appeals, and cited references ↓

  • Missing or vague indication: operative note states 'jaw reconstruction' without documenting the underlying diagnosis or severity driving the extraoral approach
  • Incorrect approach documented — payers audit for explicit confirmation of extraoral access; notes that only describe intraoral work do not support 21244
  • Global period conflicts: routine post-op visits billed separately without modifier 24 are automatically bundled into the 90-day global and denied
  • Failure to link a supporting ICD-10-CM code that justifies the extent of reconstruction (e.g., mandibular fracture, jaw neoplasm, atrophy of edentulous mandible)

Frequently asked questions

Source · Generated from the editorial pipeline, verified against 7 cited references ↓

01What distinguishes 21244 from 21248 and 21249?
21244 is specifically for extraoral reconstruction using a transosteal bone plate that penetrates through the full thickness of the mandible. CPT 21248 and 21249 cover partial and complete mandibular reconstruction with implants but use different operative approaches and implant constructs. Applying 21244 to an intraoral implant case is a misuse of the code and an audit risk.
02Does 21244 cover the bone plate hardware separately?
Under the physician fee schedule, the hardware is considered part of the procedure. In the facility setting (HOPD or ASC), implant costs may be separately payable depending on APC packaging rules — verify with the facility billing team, as packaging status affects net reimbursement.
03Can 21244 be billed for bilateral jaw reconstruction?
The mandible is a single bone, so bilateral modifier 50 does not apply in the traditional sense. If bilateral cortical access points are used as part of a single transosteal plate reconstruction, that is one procedure. Do not append modifier 50 simply because both sides of the jaw are involved.
04Which ICD-10-CM categories most commonly support 21244?
Common supporting diagnosis categories include mandibular fractures (S02), malignant neoplasms requiring resection (C41.1 for mandible), atrophy of edentulous mandible (M27.61), and developmental jaw anomalies. The AAOMS coding paper also cites K08, M27, and related categories. The diagnosis must justify the extraoral transosteal approach specifically.
05If the plate requires revision during the 90-day global, how do you bill?
Unplanned return to the OR for plate failure, wound dehiscence, or hardware loosening related to the original reconstruction bills with modifier 78. The payment is reduced to the intraoperative component RVUs only — no pre- or post-op allowance. If the return OR visit is for a genuinely unrelated condition, use modifier 79 and bill the full fee.
06Is modifier 22 supportable for a particularly complex mandibular reconstruction?
Yes, but the operative note has to do the heavy lifting. Document the specific factors that increased work: radiation-damaged tissue planes, prior failed hardware, extensive bone loss requiring intraoperative modification, or significantly prolonged operative time. 'Complex reconstruction' alone in the note will not survive payer review for a modifier 22 add-on.

Mira AI Scribe

Mira's AI scribe captures the surgical approach (extraoral vs. intraoral), confirmation of transosteal plate passage through the mandibular cortex, implant hardware details, and the specific diagnosis driving reconstruction — trauma, resection defect, severe atrophy, or congenital. That prevents the most common denial trigger for 21244: an operative note that documents hardware placement but omits the approach qualifier and clinical indication that distinguish this code from related mandibular procedures.

See how Mira captures CPT 21244 documentation

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