Surgical · Other

21145

LeFort I single-piece maxillary osteotomy performed with bone grafting to reposition the upper jaw and correct midface skeletal deformity.

Verified May 8, 2026 · 5 sources ↓

Medicare
$1,390.81
Total RVUs
41.64
Global, days
90
Region
Other
Drawn from CMSAAPCMdclarityEmedny

Documentation requirements

What must appear in the operative or office note to support the claim.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in 5 cited references ↓

  • Cephalometric analysis and radiographic measurements documenting the degree of maxillary skeletal discrepancy
  • Functional diagnosis (e.g., Class III malocclusion, obstructive sleep apnea contribution, masticatory dysfunction) establishing medical necessity beyond cosmetic correction
  • Orthodontic or surgical treatment plan co-signed by the treating orthodontist, including pre-surgical dental records
  • Operative note specifying the osteotomy design, direction and magnitude of movement, graft source and type (autograft iliac crest, allograft, etc.), and fixation method
  • Intraoperative photos or diagrams documenting single-piece mobilization — distinguishes 21145 from multi-piece variants
  • Pre-authorization documentation with supporting records submitted to payer prior to surgery

Applicable modifiers

Modifiers commonly billed with this code.

Source · AMA CPT modifier descriptors · CMS NCCI Policy Manual

What this code covers

Source · Editorial summary grounded in 5 cited references ↓

CPT 21145 describes a one-piece LeFort I osteotomy of the maxilla combined with bone grafting. The surgeon mobilizes the entire upper jaw as a single segment, advances or repositions it to correct the underlying skeletal malocclusion or midface deficiency, and stabilizes the repositioned maxilla with graft material. This is the baseline LeFort I descriptor — single-piece, with graft. Multi-piece variants and cases without graft are reported under adjacent codes in the 21145–21160 family.

The 90-day global period covers all routine follow-up. Any unrelated procedure performed during that window requires modifier 79; a return to the OR for a related complication (e.g., hardware failure, wound dehiscence requiring operative management) requires modifier 78. Concomitant mandibular procedures, orthognathic bone grafting at a separate site, or simultaneous rhinoplasty may be separately reportable with modifier 51 or 59 depending on NCCI edit status — confirm bundling pairs before billing.

This code sits in the Musculoskeletal Surgery section (Head). Oral and maxillofacial surgeons and craniofacial plastic surgeons are the primary billers. Most payors require pre-authorization and supporting records demonstrating functional impairment, not purely cosmetic indication. Document the cephalometric analysis, orthodontic records, and functional diagnosis to anchor medical necessity.

RVU & reimbursement

Component RVUs and Medicare national rate. Actual payment varies by GPCI locality.

Source · CMS Physician Fee Schedule, RVU26A · January 2026

Work RVU23.34
Practice expense RVU14.92
Malpractice RVU3.38
Total RVU41.64
Medicare national rate$1,390.81
Global period90 days

Payment by site of service

Medicare pays different rates by setting. HOPD typically pays substantially more than ASC for the same procedure.

Source · CMS OPPS Addendum B·ASC HCPCS payment rates·2026

SettingMedicare rate (national)
Office (PFS non-facility)
Procedure performed in physician's office
$1,390.81
HOPD (APC 5165)
Hospital outpatient department
$6,048.05
ASC (PI J8)
Ambulatory surgical center (freestanding)
$4,007.31

Common denial reasons

The recurring reasons claims for CPT 21145 get rejected.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in CMS NCCI edits, AAOS coding appeals, and cited references ↓

  • Cosmetic exclusion: payer determines the procedure was performed for aesthetics rather than documented functional impairment
  • Wrong code selected: multi-piece osteotomy or no-graft variant billed under 21145 instead of the correct adjacent code
  • Missing pre-authorization or authorization obtained for a different procedure code
  • Insufficient documentation of medical necessity — cephalometric records or functional diagnosis absent from the record
  • Global period conflict: post-op service billed without required modifier 24, 78, or 79 during the 90-day global window

Frequently asked questions

Source · Generated from the editorial pipeline, verified against 5 cited references ↓

01What is the difference between CPT 21145 and the other LeFort I codes?
21145 is the single-piece LeFort I with bone graft. Adjacent codes cover single-piece without graft, two-piece variants, and three-or-more-piece variants. The number of maxillary segments mobilized and whether a graft was used are the two variables that determine code selection — document both explicitly in the operative note.
02Can a simultaneous mandibular osteotomy (e.g., BSSO) be billed on the same day as 21145?
Yes. Bimaxillary surgery combining a LeFort I with a bilateral sagittal split osteotomy is common. Report the mandibular procedure separately with modifier 51. Confirm NCCI bundling edits before billing both codes; some payers require modifier 59 or an XS modifier to bypass edits.
03Does modifier 50 apply to this code?
No. The LeFort I osteotomy moves a single midline structure — the maxilla — not paired bilateral anatomical structures. Modifier 50 is not appropriate here.
04When does modifier 22 apply to 21145?
Use modifier 22 when the procedure required substantially more work than typical — for example, a previously operated field with significant scarring, revision after failed prior osteotomy, or unusually complex anatomy. Attach a cover letter documenting the specific factors that increased operative time and complexity. Expect a payer request for records.
05What ICD-10 diagnoses best support medical necessity for 21145?
Diagnoses that document functional impairment are strongest: jaw relation anomalies (M26.2x series), malocclusion (M26.2x), obstructive sleep apnea with skeletal contribution (G47.33), and acquired or congenital maxillary hypoplasia. Purely aesthetic diagnoses will trigger cosmetic exclusion denials at most commercial payors.
06What global period applies and what does it include?
21145 carries a 90-day global period. The day of surgery, the immediate post-op visit, and all routine follow-up through day 90 are bundled. Use modifier 78 for an unplanned return to the OR for a related complication. Use modifier 79 for an unrelated surgical procedure. Unrelated E&M visits during the global require modifier 24.

Mira AI Scribe

Mira's AI scribe captures the osteotomy design (single-piece vs. multi-piece), direction and magnitude of maxillary movement, graft source and type, and fixation construct directly from dictation. It also flags the functional diagnosis and links it to the cephalometric measurements documented in the note. This prevents the two most common audit flags: miscoding a multi-piece case as 21145 and submitting an operative note that lacks a documented functional indication.

See how Mira captures CPT 21145 documentation

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