Surgical · Other

21141

Midface reconstruction via LeFort I osteotomy, single-piece maxillary segment moved in any direction, performed without bone graft.

Verified May 8, 2026 · 6 sources ↓

Medicare
$1,208.44
Total RVUs
36.18
Global, days
90
Region
Other
Drawn from HiacodeAaomsAetnaSgoCMS

Documentation requirements

What must appear in the operative or office note to support the claim.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in 6 cited references ↓

  • Operative note must explicitly state the number of maxillary pieces created and confirm no segmental vertical osteotomies were performed
  • Direction and magnitude of segment movement (advancement, impaction, elongation, or retrusion) documented in millimeters
  • Confirmation that no bone graft was used — if graft becomes necessary intraoperatively, code switches to 21145
  • Pre-operative cephalometric analysis and occlusal records demonstrating skeletal deformity contributing to functional impairment
  • Documentation of failed or inadequate orthodontic treatment establishing surgical necessity
  • Precertification approval reference number from payer's oral and maxillofacial surgery review unit, where required

Applicable modifiers

Modifiers commonly billed with this code.

Source · AMA CPT modifier descriptors · CMS NCCI Policy Manual

What this code covers

Source · Editorial summary grounded in 6 cited references ↓

CPT 21141 covers a single-piece LeFort I osteotomy in which the entire maxilla is mobilized as one unit and repositioned — advancement, retrusion, impaction, or elongation — without bone graft. The horizontal cut separates the maxilla from the midface skeleton; no vertical segmental cuts divide it into multiple pieces. That single-piece, no-graft distinction is what separates 21141 from 21142 (2-piece), 21143 (3+ pieces), and 21145 (single-piece with graft). Pick the wrong code in that family and you've either underbilled or created an audit flag for upcoding.

The 90-day global period covers the day-before visit, the surgery itself, and all routine post-op care through day 90. Office visits during that window for orthodontic adjustments, occlusal checks, or routine healing are bundled. Bill modifier 24 for unrelated E/M visits and modifier 78 for an unplanned return to the OR for a related complication within the global. A new global period does not open when modifier 78 is used.

Most payers, including Aetna, require precertification for orthognathic surgery and want documented functional impairment — typically masticatory dysfunction with skeletal discrepancies that cannot be corrected by orthodontics alone. Cosmetic intent alone will not satisfy medical necessity criteria. Pre-auth denials on 21141 almost always trace back to missing functional documentation or failure to route through the payer's oral and maxillofacial surgery review unit.

RVU & reimbursement

Component RVUs and Medicare national rate. Actual payment varies by GPCI locality.

Source · CMS Physician Fee Schedule, RVU26A · January 2026

Work RVU19.08
Practice expense RVU14.34
Malpractice RVU2.76
Total RVU36.18
Medicare national rate$1,208.44
Global period90 days

Payment by site of service

Medicare pays different rates by setting. HOPD typically pays substantially more than ASC for the same procedure.

Source · CMS OPPS Addendum B·ASC HCPCS payment rates·2026

SettingMedicare rate (national)
Office (PFS non-facility)
Procedure performed in physician's office
$1,208.44
HOPD (APC 5165)
Hospital outpatient department
$6,048.05
ASC (PI G2)
Ambulatory surgical center (freestanding)
$3,025.62

Common denial reasons

The recurring reasons claims for CPT 21141 get rejected.

Source · Editorial brief grounded in CMS NCCI edits, AAOS coding appeals, and cited references ↓

  • Medical necessity denial when documentation reflects cosmetic goals without recorded masticatory dysfunction or functional impairment
  • Wrong code selection — biller uses 21141 when operative note describes vertical segmental cuts creating 2+ pieces (should be 21142 or 21143)
  • Missing precertification or failure to route through the payer's OMS review unit before surgery
  • Bundling denial when assistant surgeon services are billed without modifier 80 or AS, or without confirming the procedure is assistant-eligible under the payer's policy
  • Global period violation — routine orthodontic or post-op follow-up billed separately within the 90-day global without modifier 24

Frequently asked questions

Source · Generated from the editorial pipeline, verified against 6 cited references ↓

01What is the difference between 21141 and 21145?
Both describe a single-piece LeFort I osteotomy. 21141 is used when no bone graft is required. 21145 applies when the procedure requires bone grafts, including obtaining autografts. If the surgeon decides intraoperatively to add a graft, bill 21145, not 21141 with an add-on.
02When should I use 21142 or 21143 instead of 21141?
Use 21142 when the operative note describes two maxillary pieces (one vertical segmental cut in addition to the horizontal LeFort cut), and 21143 for three or more pieces. Count the cuts in the operative note — that count drives the code, not the direction of movement.
03Does 21141 require precertification?
Most commercial payers, including Aetna, require precertification and route orthognathic surgery claims through an OMS review unit. Submit cephalometric analysis, occlusal records, and documentation of functional impairment with the pre-auth request. Missing this step is a predictable denial.
04Can modifier 22 be used with 21141?
Yes, when the procedure required substantially more work than typical — for example, revision of a prior osteotomy with significant scarring or unusual anatomical complexity. The operative report must contain a concise statement explaining what made the case atypical. Without that narrative, MACs will deny the upward adjustment.
05How does the 90-day global period affect billing for concurrent orthodontic management?
Orthodontic services billed by the same surgeon during the 90-day global are bundled unless they address a problem unrelated to the surgery. Routine occlusal monitoring is included. If a separate, unrelated E/M is warranted, append modifier 24 and document the unrelated condition clearly.
06Is an assistant surgeon reimbursable for 21141?
Confirm assistant-at-surgery eligibility under the payer's policy for this code. When eligible, bill the assistant with modifier 80 (MD/DO) or AS (PA, NP, CNS). In teaching hospitals, Medicare generally does not pay for an assistant when a qualified resident is available — modifier AS or 80 in that setting requires documentation that no qualified resident was present.
07What ICD-10 diagnoses support medical necessity for 21141?
Diagnoses documenting functional skeletal deformity — such as maxillary hypoplasia, dentofacial anomaly with malocclusion, or Long Face Syndrome — support medical necessity. A purely cosmetic ICD-10 code without a corresponding functional impairment diagnosis will trigger denial. Payers want to see the skeletal deformity code alongside the functional consequence.

Mira AI Scribe

Mira's AI scribe captures the number of maxillary pieces created, the direction and millimeter magnitude of segment movement, graft status, and the functional indication from dictation — preventing the most common 21141 audit flag, which is an operative note that documents the osteotomy technique but omits the piece count or graft decision that determines the correct code in the 21141–21147 family.

See how Mira captures CPT 21141 documentation

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